Zinthu za Cathode
Pokonzekera zida zama elekitirodi zamabatire a lithiamu-ion, kutentha kwamphamvu kwambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Kutentha kwakukulu kolimba-gawo: kumatanthauza njira yomwe ma reactants kuphatikiza zinthu zolimba zimachita kwakanthawi pa kutentha kwina ndikupanga kusintha kwamankhwala kudzera pakuphatikizana pakati pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti apange zinthu zokhazikika pa kutentha kwina. , kuphatikizirapo kulimba kolimba, kachitidwe ka gasi kolimba komanso kachitidwe kamadzi kamadzi.
Ngakhale njira ya sol-gel, njira ya coprecipitation, njira ya hydrothermal ndi njira ya solvothermal imagwiritsidwa ntchito, njira yolimba-gawo kapena yolimba-gawo sintering pa kutentha kwakukulu kumafunika.Izi ndichifukwa choti mfundo yogwira ntchito ya batri ya lithiamu-ion imafuna kuti zinthu zake za elekitirodi zitha kuyikapo ndikuchotsa li + mobwerezabwereza, motero kapangidwe kake ka lattice kayenera kukhala kokhazikika kokwanira, komwe kumafuna kuti crystallinity ya zinthu zogwira ntchito ikhale yokwera ndipo mawonekedwe a kristalo azikhala nthawi zonse. .Izi ndizovuta kukwaniritsa pansi pa kutentha kwapansi, kotero kuti zipangizo zama electrode za mabatire a lithiamu-ion zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakalipano zimapezedwa kupyolera mu kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri.
The cathode chuma processing kupanga mzere makamaka zikuphatikizapo dongosolo kusanganikirana, sintering dongosolo, kuphwanya dongosolo, madzi kutsuka dongosolo (okha faifi tambala), dongosolo ma CD, dongosolo ufa kufalitsa ndi dongosolo kulamulira wanzeru.
Pamene kusakaniza konyowa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za cathode za mabatire a lithiamu-ion, mavuto owumitsa nthawi zambiri amakumana.Zosungunulira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakusakaniza konyowa zimabweretsa njira zosiyanasiyana zowumitsa ndi zida.Pakali pano, pali makamaka mitundu iwiri ya zosungunulira ntchito yonyowa kusanganikirana ndondomeko: sanali amadzimadzi solvents, ndicho organic solvents monga Mowa, acetone, etc;Zosungunulira madzi.Zipangizo zowumira zosakaniza zonyowa za lithiamu-ion batire cathode zida makamaka zimaphatikizapo: chowumitsira chozungulira, chowumitsira chowumitsa, chowumitsira utoto, chowumitsira lamba.
Kupanga mafakitale cathode zipangizo kwa mabatire lifiyamu-ion zambiri utenga mkulu-kutentha olimba-boma sintering kaphatikizidwe ndondomeko, ndi pachimake ndi zida kiyi ndi sintering ng'anjo.The zipangizo kupanga lifiyamu-ion batire cathode zipangizo ndi uniformly osakaniza ndi zouma, ndiye yodzaza mu ng'anjo kwa sintering, ndiyeno amatsitsa kuchokera ng'anjo mu kuphwanya ndi gulu ndondomeko.Pakuti kupanga zipangizo cathode, zizindikiro luso ndi zachuma monga kutentha ulamuliro kutentha, kutentha kufanana, kulamulira mlengalenga ndi chifanane, kupitiriza, mphamvu kupanga, mowa mphamvu ndi zochita zokha digiri ya ng'anjo ndi zofunika kwambiri.Pakalipano, zida zazikulu zopangira sintering zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za cathode ndi pusher kiln, ng'anjo yopumira ndi ng'anjo ya belu.
◼ Mng'anjo wodzigudubuza ndi ng'anjo yapakatikati yomwe imakhala ndi kutentha kosalekeza komanso kuyatsa.
◼ Malinga ndi momwe ng'anjo imayendera, mofanana ndi ng'anjo yopondereza, ng'anjo yodzigudubuza imagawidwanso kukhala ng'anjo ya mpweya ndi mpweya.
- Air uvuni: makamaka ntchito sintering zipangizo amafuna oxidizing mpweya, monga lithiamu manganate zipangizo, lithiamu cobalt okusayidi zipangizo, zipangizo ternary, etc;
- Atmosphere uvuni: makamaka ntchito NCA ternary zipangizo, lifiyamu chitsulo mankwala (LFP) zipangizo, graphite anode zipangizo ndi zipangizo sintering kuti amafunika mpweya (monga N2 kapena O2) chitetezo mpweya.
◼ Mng'anjo wodzigudubuza umagwiritsa ntchito njira yogudubuza, kotero kutalika kwa ng'anjoyo sikukhudzidwa ndi mphamvu yoyendetsa.Mwamwayi, zitha kukhala zopanda malire.Makhalidwe a ng'anjo patsekeke dongosolo, kugwirizana bwino pamene kuwombera mankhwala, ndi lalikulu ng'anjo patsekeke dongosolo ndi yabwino kayendedwe ka mpweya mu ng'anjo ndi ngalande ndi kukhetsa mphira wa mankhwala.Ndi chida chomwe chimasankhidwa kuti chilowe m'malo mwa ng'anjo ya pusher kuti muzindikire kupanga kwakukulu.
◼ Pakalipano, lithiamu cobalt oxide, ternary, lithiamu manganate ndi zinthu zina za cathode za mabatire a lithiamu-ion zimayikidwa mumoto wodzigudubuza, pamene lithiamu iron phosphate imayikidwa mumoto wodzigudubuza wotetezedwa ndi nayitrogeni, ndipo NCA imayikidwa mu chogudubuza. ng'anjo yotetezedwa ndi okosijeni.
Negative Electrode Material
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za ndondomeko yoyendetsera graphite yokumba zikuphatikizapo kukonzekera, pyrolysis, kugaya mpira, graphitization (ndiko kuti, kutentha kwa maatomu a carbon, kotero kuti maatomu a carbon osokonezeka amakonzedwa bwino, ndi maulalo ofunikira luso), kusakaniza, kupaka, kusakaniza. kuwunika, kuyeza, kulongedza ndi kusunga.Zochita zonse ndizabwino komanso zovuta.
◼ Granulation imagawidwa munjira ya pyrolysis ndi njira yowonera mpira.
Munjira ya pyrolysis, ikani zinthu zapakatikati 1 mu riyakitala, m'malo mwa mpweya mu riyakitala ndi N2, sindikizani choyatsira, chotenthetsera magetsi molingana ndi kutentha kwapakati, yambitsani 200 ~ 300 ℃ kwa 1 ~ 3h, kenako pitilizani. kutenthetsa mpaka 400 ~ 500 ℃, kusonkhezera kuti atenge zinthu ndi kukula kwa tinthu 10 ~ 20mm, kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kutulutsa kuti apeze zinthu zapakatikati 2. Pali mitundu iwiri ya zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga pyrolysis, chowongolera chokhazikika komanso chosalekeza. zida za granulation, zonse zomwe zili ndi mfundo yofanana.Onse akuyambitsa kapena kusuntha pansi pa ena kutentha pamapindikira kusintha zinthu zikuchokera ndi thupi ndi mankhwala katundu riyakitala.Kusiyana kwake ndikuti ketulo yoyimirira ndi njira yophatikizira ya ketulo yotentha ndi ketulo yozizira.Zomwe zili mu ketulo zimasinthidwa ndikugwedeza molingana ndi kutentha kwa kutentha mu ketulo yotentha.Akamaliza, amaikidwa mu ketulo yozizira kuti aziziziritsa, ndipo ketulo yotentha imatha kudyetsedwa.Zida zopangira granulation mosalekeza zimazindikira kugwira ntchito kosalekeza, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso kutulutsa kwakukulu.
◼ Carbonization ndi graphitization ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri.The carbonization ng'anjo carbonizes zipangizo pa sing'anga ndi otsika kutentha.Kutentha kwa ng'anjo ya carbonization kumatha kufika madigiri 1600 Celsius, omwe angakwaniritse zosowa za carbonization.Wowongolera kutentha wanzeru kwambiri komanso makina owunikira a PLC adzapangitsa kuti deta yopangidwa munjira ya carbonization ikhale yoyendetsedwa bwino.
Graphitization ng'anjo, kuphatikizapo yopingasa mkulu-kutentha, kumaliseche m'munsi, ofukula, etc., malo graphite mu graphite otentha zone (mpweya munali chilengedwe) kwa sintering ndi smelting, ndi kutentha nthawi imeneyi kufika 3200 ℃.
◼ Kupaka
Zinthu zapakatikati 4 zimatengedwera ku silo kudzera panjira yotumizira basi, ndipo zinthuzo zimangodzazidwa ndi bokosi la promethium ndi wowongolera.Makina otumizira okhawo amanyamula bokosi la promethium kupita ku riyakitala mosalekeza (wodzigudubuza ng'anjo) kuti azikutira, Pezani zinthu zapakatikati 5 (motetezedwa ndi nayitrogeni, zinthuzo zimatenthedwa mpaka 1150 ℃ malinga ndi kutentha kwina kwa 8 ~ 10h. Njira yowotchera ndi kutenthetsa zipangizo kudzera mumagetsi, ndipo njira yowotchera imakhala yosalunjika Kutentha kumatembenuza phula lapamwamba kwambiri pamwamba pa ma graphite particles mu pyrolytic carbon coating, ma resins mu phula lapamwamba condense, ndi crystal morphology imasandulika (boma la amorphous limasandulika kukhala crystalline state), An analamula microcrystalline mpweya wosanjikiza aumbike padziko lachilengedwe ozungulira graphite particles, ndipo potsiriza TACHIMATA graphite ngati zinthu ndi "pachimake-chipolopolo" dongosolo ndi analandira