Chitoliro chapulasitiki

Monga gawo lofunikira la zida zomangira mankhwala, mapaipi apulasitiki amavomerezedwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito chifukwa cha ntchito zawo zapamwamba, ukhondo, chitetezo cha chilengedwe, kumwa otsika ndi zabwino zina, makamaka kuphatikiza chitoliro chamadzi cha UPVC, chitoliro chamadzi cha UPVC, chitoliro cha aluminium pulasitiki, chitoliro cha polyethylene (PE) chitoliro chamadzi, polypropylene PPR madzi otentha chitoliro.

Mapaipi apulasitiki ndi zida zomangira mankhwala zophatikizidwa ndiukadaulo wapamwamba, ndipo zida zomangira mankhwala ndi mtundu wachinayi womwe ukutuluka wazinthu zomangira zatsopano pambuyo pa chitsulo, matabwa ndi simenti. Mapaipi apulasitiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga madzi ndi ngalande, madzi a m'tawuni ndi ngalande ndi mapaipi a gasi chifukwa cha ubwino wawo wa kutaya madzi pang'ono, kupulumutsa mphamvu, kupulumutsa zinthu, kuteteza zachilengedwe, kutsirizitsa bwino ndi zina zotero, ndipo akhala mphamvu yaikulu ya maukonde omanga chitoliro chakumatauni m'zaka za zana latsopano.

Poyerekeza ndi miyambo kuponyedwa chitsulo mapaipi, kanasonkhezereka zitsulo mipope, simenti mipope ndi mipope ena, mapaipi pulasitiki ndi ubwino wa kusunga mphamvu ndi kupulumutsa zinthu, kuteteza chilengedwe, kulemera kuwala ndi mphamvu mkulu, kukana dzimbiri, yosalala khoma lamkati popanda makulitsidwe, zomangamanga zosavuta ndi kukonza, moyo wautali utumiki ndi zina zotero. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, ma municipalities, mafakitale ndi minda yaulimi monga kumanga madzi ndi ngalande, madzi akumidzi ndi kumidzi, gasi wam'tawuni, magetsi ndi kuwala kwa chingwe, kufalitsa madzimadzi a mafakitale, ulimi wothirira ndi zina zotero.

Pulasitiki ndi yosiyana ndi zipangizo zachikhalidwe. Liwiro la kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kuli mwachangu. Kutuluka kosalekeza kwa matekinoloje atsopano, zipangizo zatsopano ndi njira zatsopano kumapangitsa ubwino wa mapaipi apulasitiki kukhala otchuka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zamakono. Poyerekeza ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chachitsulo ndi chitoliro cha simenti, chitoliro cha pulasitiki chimakhala cholemera, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala 1/6-1/10 cha chitoliro chachitsulo. Ili ndi kukana bwino kwa dzimbiri, kukana kwamphamvu komanso kulimba kwamphamvu. Pakatikati pa chitoliro cha pulasitiki ndi chosalala kwambiri kuposa chitoliro chachitsulo choponyedwa, chokhala ndi mikangano yaying'ono komanso kukana madzimadzi. Itha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zotumizira madzi ndi 5%. Ili ndi chitetezo chokwanira champhamvu, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi kumachepetsedwa ndi 75%. Ndi yabwino kunyamula, yosavuta kukhazikitsa, ndipo moyo wake wautumiki ndi zaka 30-50. Mipope ya polyethylene yakula kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndipo mayiko otukuka ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mapaipi a polyethylene popereka madzi ndi gasi. Mipope ya polyethylene sikuti imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo mwa mipope yachitsulo yachikhalidwe ndi mapaipi achitsulo, komanso m'malo mwa mapaipi a PVC. Chifukwa chagona luso luso mapaipi polyethylene. Kumbali ina, nkhanizo zapita patsogolo kwambiri. Kupyolera mu kusintha kwa polyethylene polymerization ndondomeko kupanga, mphamvu ya polyethylene chitoliro chakuthupi wapadera pafupifupi kawiri. Komano, pali chitukuko chatsopano mu umisiri ntchito, monga luso kuyala mipope polyethylene ndi njira kubowola molunjika popanda kukumba ngalande chitoliro, amene amapereka kusewera mokwanira ubwino wa mipope polyethylene, kuti mipope chikhalidwe alibe mpikisano pa nthawi yoyenera njira imeneyi. Palinso zida zambiri zatsopano ndi matekinoloje omwe akuphunziridwa, kapena aphunziridwa ndikuyesedwa. Ndizosakayikitsa kuti kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwa mapaipi apulasitiki m'zaka 10 zikubwerazi kudzalimbikitsa chitukuko chofulumira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi apulasitiki ambiri.